Eye bags is a condition where the fat behind the eye pooches out and leads to formation of bags. It happens due to ageing, hereditary factors and certain medical conditions like thyroid, hypertension or renal disorders.
Patients with this condition complain of:
Cosmetic blemishes
Looking old
Tired, drunk and sad
As if they have not taken enough rest
Are unable to wear spectacles properly
Baggy lids: This happens when there is extra fold of skin over the upper lid crease which makes the eye look smaller and heavy. It is usually associated with droopy brows. Additional loose skin may be present. Patients complain of heaviness on eyes, headache in an attempt to open eyes and/or limitation or restriction of the visual field. It can be caused by the following reasons:
Hereditary/ familial
Skin laxity/ looseness - causing extra skin to hang over
Atrophy of fat around the brows - leading to descent of the brows
It can be present in all ethnicities but can specifically be seen in north-eastern Indians and Asians
Blepharoplasty surgery is used to restore correct functioning to the affected eyelid(s) and eye aesthetics. It can be done on both upper and lower eyelids to correct puffiness and eye-bags.
Thyroid eye disease is caused due to malfunctioning of the thyroid gland. This results in big protruding eyes, swelling around the eyes, excessive watering and redness.
Various treatment options are:
Medical treatment
Surgical (thyroid gland, eyes)
Thyroid eye disease is treated by medical and surgical procedures in partnership with an endocrinologist.
Infection, injury can happen to any part of the eye.
Infections have the following signs and symptoms - swelling of eye, face and/ or lids, pain, discharge or pus secretions. These symptoms may be accompanied by fever.
Tear/ Injury – can happen to any part of the eye. It is important to reach out to the specialist at the earliest for good functional and cosmetic results.
Fractures- can happen due to blunt or sharp injuries. Usually, the patient complains of black eye, bleeding from ear and nose, swelling in and around the eye and face, eye looking smaller.
Treatment options include medical, observation and surgical.
Droopy lids, also known as ptosis, is a condition where the upper lid covers the eye. It can vary in degree and severity (mild, moderate, severe). It happens due to weakness of the lid lifting muscle (which is called 'levator').
Depending on the degree of the droop, you may:
Have a cosmetic blemish
Look tired or sleepy
Experience obstruction in the visual field
Have difficulty in reading
Suffer from headaches
Have decreased vision (mainly in children)
Ptosis repair is undertaken through surgical or non-surgical methods depending on the severity of the droop.
Also known as sunken eyes or tear trough deformity, hollowness under eyes is seen as valley, depression or shadow below lower lids. It can affect young and old individuals. It is caused by the following reasons:
Ageing – thinning of lid skin, absorption of fat, bone depression or atrophy, loosening of support structures (ligaments)
Hereditary
Diseases which lead to extensive fat atrophy
Dramatic weight loss
You may look tired, depressed, or show lack of self-confidence. Sunken eyes can make you look older than your age.
There is a spectrum of spasms/ twitching which can affect the lids and face present as constant, uncontrolled, involuntary movements of lids and or/face. These occur due to injury, neurological diseases, stress, facial nerve compression (blood vessel, tumour), neurotransmitter imbalance.
These can cause physical, psychological and social impact on a patient's life. Common complaints include:
Frequent blinking
Inability to open eyes
Intolerance to bright light
Dry eyes, irritation, blurring of vision
Deviation of mouth
Difficulty is swallowing and drooling of saliva in severe cases
Headaches
You may be advised for brain imaging. Treatment options are:
Surgery
Medications – under supervision of the neurologist
Eye socket contains eyeballs and all the muscles that move it. It is surrounded by seven different bones. Also, inside the socket are tear glands, blood vessels, ligaments, and other nerves.
Different conditions which can cause issues with functioning of socket/ orbit are:
Infections
Injuries
Tumours
Burns
Fractures
Birth defects and deformities
Some of the issues/ diseases can lead to shrunken, blind eye
Different conditions are treated by following procedures:
Socket reconstruction (grafts)
Removal of blind and infected eye (enucleation/ evisceration)